Measure, Integration & Real Analysis · Problem 5C.2

Banach Spaces — Sheldon Axler

Mathematics — Measure Theory · borel-sets-cross-sections

Problem

Show that there exists a set E⊆R2E \subseteq \mathbf{R}^2 (thinking of R2\mathbf{R}^2 as equal to R×R\mathbf{R} \times \mathbf{R}) such that the cross sections [E]a[E]_a and [E]a[E]^a are open subsets of R\mathbf{R} for every a∈Ra \in \mathbf{R}, but E∉B2E \notin \mathcal{B}_2.
Intuitive explanation

The key is understanding that all cross sections being open doesn't force the set itself to be measurable—you need to exploit the difference between a property holding pointwise versus globally. Build EE by taking a non-Borel set A⊆RA \subseteq \mathbf{R} and carefully construct a set whose vertical and horizontal slices are all open, yet the set's structure prevents it from being in the product σ\sigma-algebra B2\mathcal{B}_2. This shows that openness of cross sections is a weaker condition than measurability of the full set.

Intuitive explanation

The key is understanding that all cross sections being open doesn't force the set itself to be measurable—you need to exploit the difference between a property holding pointwise versus globally. Build EE by taking a non-Borel set A⊆RA \subseteq \mathbf{R} and carefully construct a set whose vertical and horizontal slices are all open, yet the set's structure prevents it from being in the product σ\sigma-algebra B2\mathcal{B}_2. This shows that openness of cross sections is a weaker condition than measurability of the full set.

Related theory

Browse the problem library