Chemistry

The speed of an electron in any orbit depends on both the nuclear charge pulling it in and the orbit number resisting that pull. For hydrogen-like atoms and ions, use the formula $v_n = \frac{Z \cdot c \cdot \alpha}{n}$, where $Z$ is the nuclear charge, $n$ is the orbit number, and the other terms are constants. Set up the ratio by plugging in the correct values for each species, then simplify—the constants will cancel, leaving you with a clean ratio of charges and orbit numbers.

The speed of an electron in any orbit depends on both the nuclear charge pulling it in and the orbit number resisting that pull. For hydrogen-like atoms and ions, use the formula $v_n = \frac{Z \cdot c \cdot \alpha}{n}$, where $Z$ is the nuclear charge, $n$ is the orbit number, and the other terms are constants. Set up the ratio by plugging in the correct values for each species, then simplify—the constants will cancel, leaving you with a clean ratio of charges and orbit numbers.