Chemistry

Chemistry

Problem

Calculate the speed of the electron in the first Bohr orbit of singly-ionised helium (He+\mathrm{He}^+). Take e=1.6×10−19 Ce = 1.6\times10^{-19}\,\text{C}, m=9.1×10−31 kgm = 9.1\times10^{-31}\,\text{kg}, k=9×109 N m2 C−2k = 9\times10^{9}\,\text{N}\,\text{m}^2\,\text{C}^{-2} and h=6.63×10−34 J sh = 6.63\times10^{-34}\,\text{J}\,\text{s}.
Intuitive explanation

The Bohr model treats the electron as orbiting the nucleus in a stable state where the electric force provides exactly the centripetal force needed. For He+\mathrm{He}^+, the key is that the nuclear charge is Z=2Z = 2, which strengthens the attraction and pulls the electron faster than in hydrogen. Set up the force balance equation and use the Bohr quantization condition (mvr=nℏmvr = n\hbar) to solve for velocity without needing the radius explicitly.

Intuitive explanation

The Bohr model treats the electron as orbiting the nucleus in a stable state where the electric force provides exactly the centripetal force needed. For He+\mathrm{He}^+, the key is that the nuclear charge is Z=2Z = 2, which strengthens the attraction and pulls the electron faster than in hydrogen. Set up the force balance equation and use the Bohr quantization condition (mvr=nℏmvr = n\hbar) to solve for velocity without needing the radius explicitly.

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