FYKOS Year 29 Series 3 Problem 1 — a crazy fish · FYKOS 29 #29.3.1

Physics · mechanics · thermodynamics

Problem

In an aquarium of a spherical shape with the radius of r=10  cmr=10\;\mathrm{cm} which is completely filled with water, swim two identical fish in opposite directions. The fish has a cross-sectional area of S=5  cmS=5\;\mathrm{cm}, Newton's drag coefficient C=0.2C=0.2 and it swims with a speed of v=5  km⋅h−1v=5\;\mathrm{km}\cdot h^{−1} relative to the water. How long have the fish to swim in the aquarium to increase the temperature of the water by 1 centigrade?
Intuitive explanation

The key insight is that the fish's kinetic energy dissipates entirely into heat through drag friction—the work done against water resistance converts directly to thermal energy. You need to find the drag force on each fish using Fdrag=12CρSv2F_{\text{drag}} = \frac{1}{2}C\rho S v^2, calculate the power dissipated by both fish swimming continuously, then use the heat capacity of water to find how long it takes to raise the temperature by 1°C.

Intuitive explanation

The key insight is that the fish's kinetic energy dissipates entirely into heat through drag friction—the work done against water resistance converts directly to thermal energy. You need to find the drag force on each fish using Fdrag=12CρSv2F_{\text{drag}} = \frac{1}{2}C\rho S v^2, calculate the power dissipated by both fish swimming continuously, then use the heat capacity of water to find how long it takes to raise the temperature by 1°C.

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