Complex Analysis: Theory and Applications · Problem 7.3.1

Taylor and Laurent Series — Howell & Matthews

Mathematics — Complex Analysis · laurent-series

Problem

Find two Laurent series expansions for f(z)=1z3−z4f(z) = \dfrac{1}{z^3-z^4} that involve powers of zz.
Intuitive explanation

The key is recognizing that this function has a singularity at z=0z=0 and another at z=1z=1, so different regions around the origin will yield different expansions. Factor out z3z^3 from the denominator to get 1z3(1−z)\frac{1}{z^3(1-z)}, then use the geometric series 11−z=∑zn\frac{1}{1-z} = \sum z^n for ∣z∣<1|z|<1. For the region ∣z∣>1|z|>1, rewrite the denominator to make the series converge by factoring differently, so you're summing powers that decay as zz grows large. Each region gives you a distinct Laurent series with different ranges of validity.

Intuitive explanation

The key is recognizing that this function has a singularity at z=0z=0 and another at z=1z=1, so different regions around the origin will yield different expansions. Factor out z3z^3 from the denominator to get 1z3(1−z)\frac{1}{z^3(1-z)}, then use the geometric series 11−z=∑zn\frac{1}{1-z} = \sum z^n for ∣z∣<1|z|<1. For the region ∣z∣>1|z|>1, rewrite the denominator to make the series converge by factoring differently, so you're summing powers that decay as zz grows large. Each region gives you a distinct Laurent series with different ranges of validity.

Related theory

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