Lebl-Basic-Analysis-I · Problem 1.2.9

Real Numbers

Mathematics · supremum-infimum-algebra

Problem

Let AA and BB be two nonempty bounded sets of real numbers. Let C:={a+b:a∈A,b∈B}C := \{a + b : a \in A, b \in B\}. Show that CC is a bounded set and that sup⁡C=sup⁡A+sup⁡Bandinf⁡C=inf⁡A+inf⁡B.\sup C = \sup A + \sup B \qquad \text{and} \qquad \inf C = \inf A + \inf B.
Intuitive explanation

The key insight is that suprema and infima are additive when you're combining elements from independent sets. To show CC is bounded, use the fact that AA and BB are bounded to establish upper and lower bounds on all possible sums. For the supremum formula, prove two things: first, that sup⁡A+sup⁡B\sup A + \sup B is an upper bound for CC (by the definition of supremum), and second, that no smaller number works as an upper bound (by the minimality property of supremum). The infimum follows by the same logic applied to lower bounds.

Intuitive explanation

The key insight is that suprema and infima are additive when you're combining elements from independent sets. To show CC is bounded, use the fact that AA and BB are bounded to establish upper and lower bounds on all possible sums. For the supremum formula, prove two things: first, that sup⁡A+sup⁡B\sup A + \sup B is an upper bound for CC (by the definition of supremum), and second, that no smaller number works as an upper bound (by the minimality property of supremum). The infimum follows by the same logic applied to lower bounds.

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