Chemistry

Problem

298\,\text{K}

, a chemical reaction in an open beaker releases

5.0\,\text{kJ}

of heat to the surroundings. The measured entropy change of the reacting system is

-12.0\,\text{J K}^{-1}

. Which statement correctly characterises the process? a) Reversible because

\Delta S_{\text{univ}} = 0

b) Spontaneous because

\Delta S_{\text{univ}} > 0

c) Impossible because

\Delta S_{\text{univ}} < 0

d) Cannot be decided without knowing the Gibbs free energy