Physics

Problem

The CNO cycle is a series of nuclear fusion reactions taking place in massive stars. It consists of the reactions

{}_{1}^{1}\text{H} + {}_{6}^{12}\text{C} \rightarrow {}_{7}^{13}\text{N} + \gamma

{}_{7}^{13}\text{N} \rightarrow {}_{6}^{13}\text{C} + {}_{1}^{0}\text{e}^{+} + \nu

{}_{1}^{1}\text{H} + {}_{6}^{13}\text{C} \rightarrow {}_{7}^{14}\text{N} + \gamma

{}_{1}^{1}\text{H} + {}_{7}^{14}\text{N} \rightarrow {}_{8}^{15}\text{O} + \gamma

{}_{8}^{15}\text{O} \rightarrow {}_{7}^{15}\text{N} + {}_{1}^{0}\text{e}^{+} + \nu

{}_{1}^{1}\text{H} + {}_{7}^{15}\text{N} \rightarrow {}_{6}^{12}\text{C} + {}_{2}^{4}\text{He}