Physics

Problem

Approximate values are given for two alkali metals:

Z_{\text{eff}}(\text{Li}) = 1.3

r_{\text{Li}} = 152\,\text{pm}

;

Z_{\text{eff}}(\text{Na}) = 1.0

r_{\text{Na}} = 186\,\text{pm}

. Calculate the ratio

\dfrac{F_{\text{Li}}}{F_{\text{Na}}}

of the electrostatic force of attraction between the nucleus and a valence electron in lithium compared with that in sodium. Round your answer to one decimal place and indicate which element’s nucleus exerts the stronger attraction.

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