The Moon has no atmosphere and orbits the Earth. The diagram shows the Moon with rays of light from the Sun that are incident at 90∘ to the axis of rotation of the Moon.
(a)(i) A black body is on the Moon's surface at point A. Show that the maximum temperature that this body can reach is 400 K. Assume that the Earth and the Moon are the same distance from the Sun. [2]
(a)(ii) Another black body is on the Moon's surface at point B. Outline, without calculation, why the maximum temperature of the black body at point B is less than at point A. [2]
(b) The albedo of the Earth's atmosphere is 0.28. Outline why the maximum temperature of a black body on the Earth when the Sun is overhead is less than that at point A on the Moon. [1]