Formation of a peptide bond in protein synthesis has ΔG∘=+17kJmol−1. If the hydrolysis of one ATP molecule releases 30.5kJmol−1 under standard conditions, what is the minimum whole number of ATP molecules that must be hydrolyzed per mole of peptide bonds formed to render the overall ΔG∘≤0?
a) 2
b) 0
c) 1
d) 3