Three everyday happenings are listed below:
1. A dusty carpet is beaten with a stick and the dust flies off.
2. When a car suddenly accelerates forward, the heads of the passengers jerk backward.
3. A stone tied to a string is whirled in a horizontal circle; if the string suddenly breaks, the stone moves along a straight line tangential to the circle.
For each happening listed above, answer the following.
a. (i) Identify the category of inertia involved.
b. (ii) Using Newton’s first law of motion, give a reasoned explanation for the observed outcome.