The spin Hamiltonian of a spin-1 ion in a crystal is given by
H^=ℏ2aS^z2+ℏ2b(S^x2−S^y2)
Assume b≪a and treat
ℏ2b(S^x2−S^y2)
as a perturbation. Calculate the unperturbed energies and the first-order corrections using perturbation theory. Beware of the degeneracy. Compare your perturbative results with the exact eigenvalues.