The decomposition of substance X follows the rate law rate = k[X]⁰. If the initial concentration of X is doubled while temperature is held constant, which of the following best describes the immediate effect on the reaction rate?
a) The rate doubles because it is directly proportional to [X].
b) The rate quadruples because the reaction is second order in [X].
c) The rate remains unchanged because it is independent of [X]. (Correct)
d) The rate becomes zero because a zero-order reaction has a rate of zero.