A conducting rod of length 0.20m slides without friction on a pair of parallel rails that form a closed rectangular circuit of total resistance 2Ω. The arrangement lies in a uniform magnetic field of 0.50T directed perpendicular to the plane of the rails. The rod moves perpendicular to the field with a time-dependent speed given by v(t)=4tm s−1 (where t is in seconds). How much charge passes through the circuit during the interval t=0 to t=2s?
a) 0.80C
b) 0.40C
c) 1.60C
d) 0.20C