Physics

Problem

For a series RLC circuit supplied by an alternating emf of angular frequency ω, the current I is generally out of phase with the supply voltage V. a. (i) Construct the phasor diagram for current and the three voltage drops. b. (ii) Starting from the diagram, prove that the phase angle φ between V and I is given by

\tan \phi = \dfrac{X_{L} - X_{C}}{R}

. c. (iii) From the proven relation, state clearly whether the current leads or lags the voltage when

X_{C} > X_{L}

and when

X_{L} > X_{C}

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