A manufacturer is selecting a salt for a single-use chemical hand warmer. The table lists the lattice energies and the sums of hydration enthalpies for four candidate salts.
Salt Lattice energy (kJ mol⁻¹) Hydration enthalpy (kJ mol⁻¹)
I. CaCl₂ +2255 –2520
II. NH₄NO₃ +648 –630
III. LiBr +819 –806
IV. KCl +701 –715
Which salt will produce the greatest temperature increase when 1.0 mol is dissolved in water?
a) NH4NO3 (Salt II)
b) KCl (Salt IV)
c) CaCl2 (Salt I)
d) LiBr (Salt III)