A uniform magnetic field is directed along the +z-axis. A charged particle enters the field from the origin with its velocity lying in the x–y plane, making an angle of 30∘ with the +x-axis.
a. When the particle is a proton, state whether its projection on the x–y plane moves in a clockwise or an anticlockwise circle as viewed from the +z direction.
b. State the sense of rotation for an electron launched under identical conditions.