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Combinatorics and Graph Theory · Problem 1.8.5
Fundamentals — David Guichard
Mathematics — Combinatorics · stirling-numbers-falling-factorial
Problem Show that x n ‾ = ∏ k = 0 n − 1 ( x − k ) = ∑ i = 0 n s ( n , i ) x i x^{\underline{n}} = \prod_{k=0}^{n-1}(x-k) = \sum_{i=0}^{n} s(n,i)x^i x n = ∏ k = 0 n − 1 ( x − k ) = ∑ i = 0 n s ( n , i ) x i , n ≥ 1 n \geq 1 n ≥ 1 ; x n ‾ x^{\underline{n}} x n is called a falling factorial. Find a similar identity for x n ‾ = ∏ k = 0 n − 1 ( x + k ) x^{\overline{n}} = \prod_{k=0}^{n-1}(x+k) x n = ∏ k = 0 n − 1 ( x + k ) ; x n ‾ x^{\overline{n}} x n is a rising factorial.
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