A car of mass 1000kg travelling at 20ms−1 hits an obstacle and comes to rest.
a. (i) Calculate the magnitude of the impulse delivered to the car.
b. (ii) The front portion of an older model is rigid and brings the car to rest in 0.050s. Determine the average force exerted on the car in this case.
c. (iii) A modern design allows the front crumple zone and airbags to increase the stopping time to 0.25s. Calculate the new average force acting on the car.
d. (iv) Comment, with suitable figures from your answers above, on the effectiveness of the safety features in reducing injuries to the occupants.