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Mathematics
Mathematics
Problem
The value of
∑
r
=
−
3
1003
i
r
\sum_{r=-3}^{1003} i^r
∑
r
=
−
3
1003
i
r
(where
i
=
−
1
i = \sqrt{-1}
i
=
−
1
) is a. 1 b.
−
1
-1
−
1
c.
i
i
i
d.
−
i
-i
−
i
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