Purcell Problem 2.63

Physics · electromagnetism

Problem

Two-dimensional dipole Two parallel wires with uniform linear charge densities λ\lambda and −λ\lambda are separated by a distance ℓ\ell. Consider the electric field at points in a given plane perpendicular to the wires. The fields from the wires fall off like 1/r. So at points far from the wires, we effectively have a 2D version of a dipole, where the wires act like point charges with 1/r fields instead of the usual 1/r² Coulomb fields. Repeat the process in Section 2.7 for this 2D dipole. That is, find φ\varphi(r,θ\theta) and E(r,θ\theta), and also find the shapes of the field-line and constant-potential curves. (The individual potentials relative to infinity diverge, so you will want to pick a local point as the reference point. Any choice will work, but you may as well pick the point midway between the wires.)

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