Petrochemical engineers employ multiple unit operations, four of which are described below.
A. Fractional distillation of crude oil into component fractions such as gasoline and diesel
B. Catalytic cracking of long-chain hydrocarbons into shorter alkanes and alkenes
C. Compression and expansion of liquefied propane during storage and transport
D. Hydrogenation of vegetable oils to produce saturated fats
Assume standard industrial conditions unless otherwise noted.
(a) Rank the four operations from the one that involves the LEAST breaking of chemical bonds to the one that involves the MOST breaking of chemical bonds. Clearly indicate any ties.
(b) For EACH operation, justify its position in your ranking by describing what happens at the molecular level to both intramolecular bonds and intermolecular forces.