Fermi
·
Concept Library
·
Courses
·
Books
·
Problems
·
Simulations
·
Math Wiki
·
High School
Fermi
›
Problems
Abstract Algebra: Theory and Applications
· Problem 17
Polynomials — Thomas Judson
Mathematics — Abstract Algebra · ring-axioms
Problem
Let
a
a
a
be any element in a ring
R
R
R
with identity. Show that
(
−
1
)
a
=
−
a
(-1)a = -a
(
−
1
)
a
=
−
a
.
Browse the problem library