Chemistry

Problem

Two commercial hydrochloric acid solutions are available:

12.0\%

HCl by mass with density

1.05\,\text{g mL}^{-1}

(cost = \

0.05 per mL) and

37.0\%

HCl by mass with density

1.19\,\text{g mL}^{-1}

(cost =

0.20 per mL). A plant must produce

500\,\text{mL}

of a

20.0\%

HCl solution by mass at the lowest possible cost, assuming volumes are additive. Calculate the volume (in milliliters) of the

37.0\%

solution that should be used.