Physics

Physics

Problem

A heat-engine cycle consists of the following four steps in order: 1. Isothermal expansion of an ideal gas at temperature T1T_1. 2. Adiabatic expansion that lowers the gas temperature to T2T_2. 3. Heating the gas at constant volume by bringing it in contact with a reservoir at temperature T3T_3 such that T3>T2T_3 > T_2. 4. Adiabatic compression returning the gas to its initial state. Identify the specific step that makes the overall cycle irreversible and state the reason in one sentence.

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