d. Assuming most atoms are in the interior of the box, what is the total energy of the atoms in the box?
Given constants:
## Real Expansion
Consider a "real" monatomic gas consisting of N atoms of negligible volume and mass m in equilibrium inside a closed cubical container of volume V. In this "real" gas, the attractive forces between atoms is small but not negligible. Because these atoms have negligible volume, you can assume that the atoms do not collide with each other for the entirety of the problem.
Context question:
a. Consider an atom in the interior of this container of volume V. Suppose the potential energy of the interaction is given by
u(r)={0−ϵ(rd)6r<dr≥d
where d≪V1/3 is the minimum allowed distance between two atoms. Assume the gas is uniformly distributed within the container, what is the average potential energy of this atom? Write your answer in terms of a′=32πd3ϵ,N, and V.
Context answer:
−2a′N/V
Context question:
b. What is the average potential energy of an atom near the boundary of the box? Assume that there is no interaction between atoms near the boundary and the box itself.
Context answer:
−a′N/V
Context question:
c. Using Bernoulli's law P+U+ρv2/2= constant, with pressure P, potential energy density U, mass density ρ and fluid velocity v, what is the pressure at the boundary of the box? Assume the interior pressure is given by the ideal gas law.
Context answer:
VNkT−a′V2N2