A resistor R is connected across the terminals of an ideal battery. A second wire of negligible resistance is then attached directly between the two nodes on either side of R, forming a bypass around the resistor. Which of the following correctly describes the resulting circuit and the potential difference across R?
a) Closed circuit; the potential difference across R equals the battery’s emf.
b) Short circuit; the potential difference across R is equal to zero.
c) Closed circuit; the potential difference across R is equal to zero.
d) Closed circuit; the potential difference across R is half the battery’s emf.